Pobreza, comunidad política e historia en Horacio: itinerario desde la lírica individual a la lírica civil

Abstract

The individual lyric topic of poverty reaches its climax in the First Roman Ode,
whose political and communal character is easily demonstrable. Since the poetic
resolution of the theme in Ode 3, 24 is also of a communal nature, it is possible to
interpret its appearances in the individual lyric, in a final mode, as a preliminary
individual appreciation of what the poet, already in its climax, will understand as Virgil did, in its most complex communal sense. The positive consideration of
poverty integrates in the “Roman Odes” the exhortation to other virtues appreciated
by ancient Romans and, as a sign of the authority of the poetic exhortation, remains
valid, insofar as poverty is not named as a restored virtue, even in Ode 4, 15, which
represents the praise of Augustus because of the restoration of that lost past.